Carl Gustav’s figure is just as significant in understanding the development of psychoanalysis as Freud’s was. He was a notable psychologist who was born in Switzerland in 1875. His opinions began to differ from those of fellow Austrian-born psychologist Sigmund Freud at some point. Jung consequently resigned from the International Psychoanalytic Association. Therefore, the debates around Freud and Jung are crucial. They hold a great deal of interest for researchers and other people who want to know what happened during these events. Carl Gustav Jung is just as significant for understanding the beginnings of psychoanalysis as Sigmund Freud was. Jung grew interested in Freud’s work as a result^[1]. But eventually, the theoretical paths taken by their perspectives diverged. In reality, International Psychoanalytical Association had just expelled Carl Jung. Therefore, ongoing debate amongst Freud & Jung is crucial. Particularly for historians of intellectual thought who study psychoanalysis.

Discussion

An important discovery in the development of contemporary psychoanalysis is the debate among both Freudian and Jungian psychology. The rhetorical techniques Freud and the psychoanalytic movement employed to develop, maintain, as well as control psychoanalytic practice were particularly essential in this setting. Another major worry in this was the segregation as well as expulsion of dissenters.

The conflict between Carl Jung and Sigmund Freud

The main theory regarding Sigmund Freud’s tolerance of Carl Gustav Jung’s obvious disagreement emphasizes the tactical role that the Swiss psychiatrist performed. primarily in advancing and disseminating psychoanalysis. It seems that Freud had previously discussed the strategic need of maintaining psychoanalysis. As a result, he confessed to Karl Abraham sometime in May 1908.

Only because of Jung’s presence, he claimed, was psychoanalysis able to escape becoming a Jewish national issue. Although Jung’s independence might well have frightened Freud, he was also aware of its eventual significance. He sought Jung’s assistance after deciding to try to “consolidate” the new movement. Freud already had decided to leave Vienna by that point^[2].

In 1912, Sigmund Freud and C.G. Jung’s relationship reached its peak in complexity. Just like he had done with Adler’s beliefs, Sigmund attempted to in some way disprove Jung’s. Their rivalry had begun with this. Freud disapproved of Jung’s theories and deemed his contributions redundant. Psychoanalytic thought was significantly impacted by the tense relationship between Jung & Freud.

Sigmund Freud’s response to Carl Jung

C. G. Jung revealed his opinions on the symbolic nature of the incest taboo in his first letter. He asserted that he had seen evidence that innovation was backward-looking and excessively Adlerian. He claimed in his writing to have observed these traits in himself. Jung then expressed his sadness at having observed the powerful emotional forces that Jung had inside of him that were working against his ideals. In response to Jung’s systematic exposure of his beliefs in red to symbolic significance of taboo against incest in the first letter, Freud stated that he saw innovation as excessively regressive & Adlerian as well as that he had, regrettably, confirmed “what powerful emotional causes resist one’s propositions.”

The future sessions Jung will hold in America were referenced in the same reply from June 8, 1912. He was told by Freud that his views of the libido and the incest taboo were incorrect. Earlier, on August 31, Jung had responded negatively. He claimed that the outcome of his own work will determine whether or not his critical assessment of the innovation in the area of libido and incest was successful ^[3]. When he said, “I am sad, not so great because of my own ego, but because of what the association implies for the future of psychoanalysis,” Freud understood that he was speaking of the organization’s future and not his own. The Vienna Psychoanalytic Society was not pleased when Jung released his work, which has been filled with urges as well as symbolic representations.

The conferences in America

When Jung and Freud attended talks in America in September 1912, this was another instance that revealed their differences. These happened while Jung was debating Freud’s views in his lectures at Fordham University. Despite acknowledging that Freud had many merits, Jung did not regard him as a normative or infallible authority. Considering that they were founded on empirical investigation and science, he thought that his theories might be altered. In his own conferences held in North America in 1912, he argued that despite his reforms, the psychoanalytical society will not divide over them. primarily due to the fact that “such turmoil could only occur in matters of religion”^[4]. Nevertheless, psychoanalytic is designed to be a scientific, as well as the field’s expanding terminology shows how far it has come.

Jung was quick to counter that since his inventions required intellectual work and an unbiased assessment, he thought Freud would eventually accept them. Since the theory he developed did not signify a separation between them, Jung claimed that he did not associate Freud with a dogma. He explained that only within matters of faith could there be such earthquakes. The focus of psychoanalysis, however, was on knowledge and its developing conceptions. As a result, the new ideas did not suggest a split in the industry. As a result, Jung was denigrated by both Freud and his psychoanalytical colleagues, including Ferenczki, who viewed him as an “indecipherable theopsychologist, mystical, as well as occultist.”

Jung’s political recommendation from Freud

Jung was formally offered a place as a coworker in the brand-new publication he had started. On December 3, 1912, Freud received a reply from Jung “I appreciate your message, and I thank you. You are aware of my opinions on the neuroses, and they are similar to yours.” “You must take greater care of your own neurosis than that, of your neighbor,” said Freud in response.

The end of a friendship

From this point forward, the two experts’ correspondence started to decrease. Thus, the conflict between Freud and Jung was made evident. Munich hosted the worldwide psychoanalytical congress in 1913. They were both psychiatrists. Jung’s wrong behavior at this congress is usually supported by psychoanalytic history, which has Freud as its cornerstone. According to other sources, this conference offered a different perspective.

Although Jung’s theories piqued Freud’s interest, he did not share his friend’s excitement for them. He had hoped they might cooperate, but they were continually at odds with one another. Following the congress, things between them got even worse.

Numerous psychoanalysts criticized Jung’s writings between October 1913 as well as January 1914. Carl Jung resigned from his position as president of the International Psychoanalyst Association as a result of these criticisms, especially their brutality. Jung and Freud had a complex relationship. In their youth, they were close friends, but as they became older, personality differences caused them to drift apart.

Jung thought he should be referred to as the father of analytical psychology, but Freud thought of himself as the father of psychoanalysis during his lifetime. Regarding Jung’s work on archetypes, Freud accused him of plagiarism. After that, Freud cut ties with Jung. At the very same time, Jung stopped endorsing Freud^[5].

The disagreement between Jung & Freud detailed in this article resulted from Freud’s disillusionment with Jung, which was immediately poisoned by strong emotions that were evident in their correspondence. But one could conclude that the friendship between these 2 doctors made significant achievements in history.

Differences Between Freud and Jung

People frequently emphasize their similarities over their differences when comparing and contrasting Freud and Jung. They were both psychologists who studied how the mind functions. They both thought that unconscious forces controlled human conduct. They both thought that repressed emotions were portrayed in dreams and fantasies. Additionally, they shared the view that personality qualities could be separated into two groups: those that were intrinsic (genetic) and those that emerged during childhood (environmental).

But, although they were both interested in psychoanalysis and dream interpretation, they disagreed on many subjects. For instance, Freud believed that the conscious and subconscious components of our personalities were inseparable, whereas Jung believed that these aspects should be distinguished^[6]. He also gave sexual impulses and drives a lot more weight than Jung did. He also claimed that men, as well as women, should be treated equally, whereas Jung thought that women and men should be treated differently due to biological differences.

The “father of psychoanalysis,” Sigmund Freud, was an Austrian neurologist who devoted most of his life to investigating the brain and nervous system. He was one of the most prominent psychiatrists of the 20th century. Although Freud did not believe in God, he did think that religion is important for people. He wrote a lot about dreams and how to understand them. The views of Swiss psychiatrist and psychotherapist Carl Gustav Jung were affected by Freud’s research.

Jung found the notions of Freud to be intriguing. Jung was Freud’s suggested replacement. They soon parted ways, nonetheless, due to underlying interpersonal and intellectual differences. Jung was kicked out of the worldwide psychoanalytic society in this manner (1910), that he had previously presided over. While Jung’s theories are sometimes referred to as “Jungian psychoanalysis,” they were originally developed by Sigmund Freud. In actuality, Freud acknowledged Jung as the term’s originator. He didn’t view him as a therapist, though. The word “Complex,” he continued, alludes to emotionally charged pictures or ideas that operate independently of one another. Oedipal complexes and castration complexes are two examples of complexes that have symbolic meanings. The term “complex” was used by Jung to describe highly emotive concepts that exhibited distinct personality traits. There was a prototype at the center of each complex. Additionally, each complex has a relationship to the idea of trauma, just as Freud thought.

Freud believed that each person’s development of both mental illness and normality was influenced by past factors more so than by current events or situations. This implies that past events influence present-day decisions and courses of action. Jung, meanwhile, believed it went the other way. He held that a person’s psychological condition was largely influenced by factors that were not yet in play, with the remaining portion coming from their past.

Jung presented the concept as a general life energy that will also change depending on what was particularly important for our personal growth—physical, emotional, intellectual, spiritual, as well as creative—at the time in his book Psychological Types^[7]. Freud’s theory was comparable to Jung’s, with the exception that he concentrated on the sexual side of libido rather than the entire body.

How transference is viewed in Freudian and Jungian psychology is another area where they diverge. When patients project some characteristics of themselves onto therapists, like their own childhood memories, wants, or fears, this is referred to as transference, in Freud’s theory. Transference can also happen when patients project their own traits onto the therapist, leading them to think that the therapist is like significant people in their history^[8]. In contrast, transference, in Jung’s view, is a two-way procedure^[9]. The therapist transmits his or her thoughts forth onto the patient as well as the patient’s projections onto the therapist. Transference then turns into a mutually beneficial partnership.

Although Jung continued to believe that transferences were a major analytical challenge, he did not agree with Freud’s conventional beliefs. He explained therapeutic interaction using his understanding of alchemy. He compared it to two separate substances that, when they came into touch, transformed each other. In other respects, there existed a cooperative and two-way connection between the patients and the therapists.

Conclusion

Lastly, it could be stated that because of his patience and interest in the unconscious, Carl Jung backed Freud’s work. Sigmund Freud and Carl Jung are often regarded as having defined psychology. Despite their differences, both have a significant influence on how we view the human mind. Their research resulted in the development of numerous effective psychological treatments for a wide spectrum of emotional issues. But their journeys did not start the same. Their relationship strengthened as a result of a change in the power dynamics between them. The majority of Jung’s theories concerning analytical psychology are significantly different from those of Freud. Jung agreed with Freud’s theory that a person’s early experiences and past shape their conduct. He didn’t agree with Freud, nevertheless, dreams and unconscious urges impact how individuals behave. He created his system of psychological types that was based on how people saw themselves. He identified the groups of introverts and extroverts to be two of the most significant. Extroverts favored social engagements, whilst introverts had a deep inner urge to disconnect from others. According to his view, personality traits may change if a person challenged themselves by doing new things. He also thought that failures and mistakes teach us things about ourselves.

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