Sweet Frog Frozen Yogurt has a Nonfat and Low Fat Frozen Yogurt especially for those who want to enjoy the sweet taste and be in a good shape. Sweet Frog nonfat and Low fat yogurt is for kids, mother and people who care about calories and being healthy.
The Nonfat and Low Fat Frozen Yogurt is concerned with providing quality and healthy products for their consumers. Their aim is to meet the expectations of their consumers by producing and supplying quality yogurt flavors that are low or has no fat.
Sweet Frog has taken into consideration the desires of every individual and more so is concerned with their customers’ health condition. Thus, have dedicated their research to coming up with ingredients that are health friendly.
The Hashtag for the yoghurt include #SweetFrogSweetHealth #SweetFrogYoghurt
I believe your readers would love nonfat and low fat yogurt flavors from Sweet Frog Enterprises as they are suitable for their health since the ingredients used contain little or no fat depending on their preference. The company will launch a campaign to create awareness on the two products from March to May this year.
The promotion will involve supplying the flavors at a reduced price with the aim of giving many people the opportunity to have the experience of consuming the product and determine their quality themselves. The nonfat and low fat yogurt flavors are delicious, fat free or low fat content the amount recommended by doctors and nutritionist. At Sweet Frog, they are concerned about your healthy and designed the two flavors so that people would stay healthy and fit as implied by Guven & Karaca (2002).
Ann, one of our regular customers loved the nonfat and low fat yogurt because they contain no or little fat thus lowered her chances of being susceptible to fat related diseases like heart disease though she was very nervous about trying the product at first but after using it she goes for it regularly.
I would be glad to send you a sample so that you prove to your readers that the product is indeed exceptional and worth their money for the fact that it is delicious and safe to consume health wise.
I appreciate your time and consideration for Sweet Frog the Frozen Yogurt. For more information visit their website, www.sweetfrogyogurt.com, or email them at [email protected].
Pitch letter to Food and Wine Magazine
To Dana Cowin,
Chief Editor,
Food and Wine Magazine
Dear Editor
I think your fans will love Sweet Frog’s products especially nonfat and low fat flavors. Sweet Frog the Frozen Yogurt offers quality yogurt flavors that are suitable for everyone’s health and recommended for family consumption as it contains no or low fat content.
I think your fans will find the flavors amazing just like Daniel, one of our customers who said that “I like nonfat yogurt because it has no fat and can be consumed any amount without worrying about the level of fat content in your body rising, not forgetting how delicious they are.”
If it is okay with you, I could send you a sample so that you can confirm to your fans how good the nonfat and low fat flavors are for consumption.
I appreciate your time and am hoping that you will be in touch. For more information, email them at [email protected].
Pitch Letter to Eating Well Magazine
To Carolyn Malcoun,
Senior Food Editor,
Eating Well Magazine
Dear Editor,
I suppose your fans will enjoy the nonfat and low fat yogurt flavors from Sweet Frog the Frozen Yogurt.
The two flavors are health friendly since they contain little or no fat content thus eliminating the threat of contracting heart diseases even if consumed in large amounts hence has been recommended by doctors and nutrition experts. In addition it is delicious and affordable.
One of our customers, Lizy, was reluctant at first but after trying the nonfat and low fat flavor, she became a regular, she likes them for the fact that they are delicious, easy to prepare and good for them and their families’ health.
I could send you a sample so that you confirm to your Facebook fans just how appropriate the flavors are.
Thank you for your time and am hoping to hear from you. For more information, email them at [email protected].
Food research- driven initiative developed with top nutrition experts and recommended by doctors as a solution to current high level of fats in our body system.
New brand of flavors aimed at promoting healthy families for the benefit of the community.
SWEET Frog Frozen Yogurt – 1st March, 2015- the leading supplier of yogurt flavors in United States of America today launched nonfat and low fat yogurt flavors aimed at promoting a healthy family. The promotion for these two flavors begins in March till May with the intention of reaching out to every individual and family creating awareness on their solution product to minimizing the level of fats in the body system with the hope of lowering instances of people contracting fat related diseases like heart disease and obesity just as suggested by Guven & Karaca (2002).
About Sweet Frog Frozen Yogurt
Sweet Frog Frozen Yogurt is a chain of frozen yogurt retail stores owned and managed by Sweet Frog Enterprises established in 2009 by Derek Cha and has since then been voted one of the fastest growing business with over 215 stores in 25 American states. Sweet Frog headquarters is located at Richmond, Virginia, United States of America. The company provides a variety of delicious high quality flavors and toppings for their customers to choose from and create their own frozen yogurt. The yogurt flavor options they offer include nonfat yogurt, Low fat, no sugar added, supreme, and sorbet with each of them containing its own flavor. In addition to customer satisfaction, the company is concerned with the health condition of their customers as recommended by Guven &Karaca (2002). Thus, were driven by that goal to develop nonfat and low fat yogurt flavors. The flavors are available in supermarkets and their outlets and Sweet frog retail shops located worldwide. For more information visit their website www.sweetfrogyogurt.com or the nearest Sweet Frog retail shop.
Contact
10800 Midlothian Turnpike, Suite 300
Richmond, VA 23235
Reference
Guven, M.,& Karaca, O.B. (2002). The effects of varying sugar content and fruit concentration on the physicical properties of vanilla and fruit ice-cream-type frozen yogurts. International Journal of Dairy Technology. doi: 10.1046/j.1471-0307.2002.00034.x
With a student-centered approach, I create engaging and informative blog posts that tackle relevant topics for students. My content aims to equip students with the knowledge and tools they need to succeed academically and beyond.
The provided exercises guidelines are based on the recommended guidelines for fitness supported by American College of Sports Medicine (ACSM) And American Heart Association (AHA). The strength training exercises in the exercise consist of using weight machines, free weights, or callisthenic exercises such as sit ups and pushups. These exercises build endurance and strength in the joints and muscles. Flexibility exercises like stretching and yoga keep joints and muscles flexible and increase the range of movement of joint.
Perform a minimum of 6-10 different exercises that train the major group of muscles (legs, hips, abdomen, arms, back, shoulders and chest)
Perform 2 sets of each exercise (a set is cluster of repetitions done without stopping)
Perform 10-12 repetitions
Work out 2 days per week
Do the exercises across a full range of motion.
Flexibility training exercises
Do flexibility exercises that ensures the major muscles are stretched
Perform the exercises at a minimum of 2-3 days in a week
Do stretches to a point of mild discomfort
Hold every stretch 10-30 seconds and AVOID bouncing while in a stretch position
Perform 3-4 repetitions for every stretch.
The suggested exercises will start slowly and increase gradually in duration, frequency and intensity.
12 Week Strength And Flexibility Training Program
WEEK
MONDAY
TUESDAY
WEDNESDAY
THURSDAY
FRIDAY
SATURDAY
SUNDAY
1
Cardio/walk for 20-30 minutes stretch
Rest
Cardio/walk for 20-30 minutes stretch
Rest
Cardio/walk for 20-30 minutes stretch
Rest
Rest
2
Cardio/walk for 30 minutes Stretch
Rest
Cardio/walk for 30 minutes Stretch
Rest
Cardio/walk for 30 minutes Stretch
Rest
Rest
3
Cardio/walk for 30 minutes Stretch
Rest
Cardio/walk for 30 minutes Stretch
Rest
Cardio/walk for 30 minutes Stretch
Cardio/walk for 30-40 minutes Stretch
Rest
4
Cardio/walk for 30 minutes Stretch
Rest
Cardio/walk for 30 minutes Stretch
Rest
Cardio/walk for 30 minutes Stretch
Cardio/walk for 30-40 minutes Stretch
Rest
5
Cardio/walk for 30 minutes Stretch
Rest
Cardio/walk for 30-35 minutes Stretch
Rest
Cardio/walk for 30 minutes Stretch
Cardio/walk for 30-45 minutes Stretch
rest
6
Cardio/walk for 30 minutes Stretch
Strength Training
Cardio/walk for 30-35 minutes Stretch
Strength Training
Cardio/walk for 30 minutes OR Rest
Cardio/walk for 30 -45 minutes Stretch
Rest
7
Cardio/walk for 30 minutes Stretch
Strength Training
Cardio/walk for 30 -40 minutes Stretch
Strength Training
Cardio/walk for 30 minutes OR Rest
Cardio/walk for 30 -45 minutes Stretch
Rest
8
Cardio/walk for 30 minutes Stretch
Strength Training
Cardio/walk for 30 -40 minutes Stretch
Strength Training
Cardio/walk for 30 minutes OR Rest
Cardio/walk for 30-60 minutes Stretch
Rest
9
Cardio/walk for 30 minutes Stretch
Strength Training
Cardio/walk for 30-45 minutes Stretch
Strength Training
Cardio/walk for 30 minutes OR Rest
Cardio/walk for 30-60 minutes Stretch
Rest
10
Cardio/walk for 30 minutes Stretch
Strength Training
Cardio/walk for 30-45 minutes Stretch
Strength Training
Cardio/walk for 30 minutes OR Rest
Cardio/walk for 30-60 minutes Stretch
Rest
11
Cardio/walk for 30 minutes Stretch
Strength Training
Cardio/walk for 30 -45 minutes Stretch
Strength Training
Cardio/walk for 30 minutes OR Rest
Cardio/walk for 30 -60 minutes Stretch
Rest
12
Cardio/walk for 30 minutes Stretch
Strength Training
Cardio/walk for 30 -45 minutes Stretch
Strength Training
Cardio/walk for 30 minutes OR Rest
Cardio/walk for 30-60 minutes Stretch
Rest
Strength training exercises
Discussed are some of the workouts that will be performed to improve the strength and to tone the muscles. The exercises will be using the exercise tubing for resistance. The strength of the muscles will be helpful to Jane in her swimming sports. Therefore, major muscles will be trained to increase their strength.
Chest Press
Seated on a chair, the subject should place the tube around the back of the seated chair. Grasp the handles of the tube with hands at the mid chest height. The subject will press forward with the hands, while extending the arms and keeping the elbow bent slightly. The subject should sit upright and not round the shoulders and upper back. These exercises work on pectoralis major, biceps branchi and triceps branchi. Slowly return to the start position and make a repeat.
Lunge
Placing one foot on the tube and the other step behind, the subject will grasp the handles of the tube while bringing hands to shoulders. Bend the knee in the front so that the front leg is in a position of 90 degrees. Care should be observed so that the knee does not extend over the toes. Straighten the leg slowly and avoid locking the knees. These exercises work on pectoralis major, hamstrings, quadriceps, biceps branchi and triceps branchi. Return to the initial position and do it again.
Upright row
The subject will stand on the tube with the feet shoulder width apart. Grasping the handles of the tube facing her, pull up so that the elbows are in line with the shoulders, and the hands in front. Shoulders should stay down and relaxed. These exercises work on hip muscles, abdominals, pelvic girdle, biceps branchi and triceps branchi. Return to the starting position and repeat
Squat
Standing with the feet shoulder width apart and on the tube with both feet, the subject will grasp the handles of the tube and try to bring the hands to the shoulders. The subject should also lower the body slowly to a sitting position. Care should be taken to avoid extending the knees over the toes. These exercises work on calf, back muscles, hamstrings and hip muscles. Go back to the starting position and make a repeat.
Bicep Curl
The subject will stand on the tube with feet shoulder width apart. She will grasp the handles of the tube with the palms facing forward while keeping the elbows close to the body, and lifting the handles of the tube towards the shoulders. This works on biceps branchii. Slowly lower them and repeat.
Triceps kick back
The subject should stand on the feet with the feet shoulder width apart. Bend forward at the waist and the knees, and taking care to keep the back flat.arm should be kept close to the body, while pulling the elbow back so that the arm is parallel to the floor and bent at a 90 degree position. Extend slowly the lower arm behind so that the entire arm is straight. The upper arm or the shoulder should not be moved. This exercise works on triceps branchii and pectoralis major.Go back to the starting position and makes a repeat.
Abdominal crunches
The subject will lie on her back with the knees folded slightly and the feet firmly put on the floor. The lower back will be pressed into the floor with the hands behind the head. The shoulder blades will be lifting slowly off the floor. These exercises work on the abdominals and the lower back muscles. Go back to the starting and make a repeat. This will be performed with 2 sets of 10-12 repetitions and a rest of 30-60 seconds between the sets.
Flexibility training exercises
The subject will be performing flexibility exercises before and after training session on the major muscles. Stretching before physical training assist in preparation of the muscles, after training prevent injury. Warm up should be done before any of the stretches. These include running slowly or brisk walking for 5-10 minutes. Flexibility of the joints helps in correct execution of the swimming strokes in which Jane will participate. Flexibility will also help Jane stretch her muscles before swimming to avoid muscle pool and even muscle tear when swimming. The flexibility exercises include: 1. Forward lunges
The subject kneels on the left leg and positioning the right leg at a right angle forward, keeping the back straight, and lunge forward. The left groin should feel the stretch. The exercise stretches hamstrings and quadriceps muscles. The stretch should be held for 5 seconds, repeated 3-6 times and repeated also on the opposite leg.
2. Side lunges
Standing with legs apart, bend the left knee and leaning to the left. Back and right leg should be kept straight. The exercise stretches hamstrings and quadriceps muscles The stretch should be held for 5 seconds, repeated 3-6 times and also repeated on the opposite leg. 3. Cross over
Standing with the legs crossed; keep the feet close and legs straight.try touching the toes. The exercise stretches calf, Achillies tendon, gastrocnemius, hamstrings and quadriceps muscles. The stretch should be held for 5 seconds, repeated 3-6 times and also repeated on the opposite leg.
4. Standing quad stretch
Stand and supported by holding chair or wall while pulling the foot behind to the buttocks. The knees should be kept close. The exercise stretches the calf muscles and quadriceps muscles. The stretch should be held for 5 seconds, repeated 3-6 times and also repeated on the opposite leg.
5. Seat straddle lotus
The subject will sit down and place the feet soles together while dropping the knees towards the floor. The forearms should be positioned on the inside section of the knees while pushing the knees to the ground. The subject should then lean forward from around the hips. The exercise will stretch the hip, thigh and groin muscles. The stretch should be held for 5 seconds and repeated 3-6 times.
6. seat side straddle
The subject should sit with both legs spread, while placing both hands on the ankle or shin. Move the shin towards the knee while keeping straight the legs. The exercise will stretch the hamstrings muscles. The stretch should be held for 5 seconds, repeated 3-6 times and also repeated on the opposite leg.
7. Seat stretch
Sit with legs close together, hands on the ankles or shin, feet flexed. Bring forward the chin to the knees. Hold it for 5 minutes and repeat 3-6 times.
8. Knees to chest
The subject should lie on the back with the bent knees grasped at the top. Bring them forward towards the armpits and gently rocking. The exercises stretches the lower back muscles. The stretch should be held for 5 seconds, repeated 3-6 times.
With a student-centered approach, I create engaging and informative blog posts that tackle relevant topics for students. My content aims to equip students with the knowledge and tools they need to succeed academically and beyond.
The literature search strategy applied in the search strategy involves the following sources: Electronic databases-These are web based electronic searchable data bases used by entering the search strategy and the data bases provides the available list of articles that meets the criteria of search Conference abstracts-These are summary of the papers presented in conferences. The conference abstracts according to Kennedy (2009) can be searched and data extracted before they are published. The abstracts alone can provide enough data to be included in the data analysis, if the main publication is being anticipated. Inclusion of the conference abstracts potentially reduces the publication bias effect. Hand searching-The instruction and the discussion parts of the relevant studies often provide the additional references on a subject that was missed by the search strategy. I manually searched the lists of references of studies found as final check to ensure that no studies were missed. Moreover, manual search of journals where studies relevant to the subject analyzed are likely to be published was done Internet-Application of the internet in the search strategy also proved beneficial and also helpful since useful sources were available online. These included the links to websites of independent reports, government agencies data clearance houses, data from specific academic websites, some theses of universities. Searching the internet using methods that are user-friendly to obtain relevant information was helpful.
Some years back, diabetes type 2 diseases was considered a disease for the adults and it was rare for children to have it. Rosenbloom & Silverstein (2003) stated that it was though that a child with diabetes was suffering from type 1 diabetes, also referred to as juvenile-onset diabetes. However, this is not the case nowadays as children can also suffer from diabetes type 2 mellitus. In diabetes type 2, the body cells of a child are resistant to the insulin effects and then the glucose levels will gradually build up in the bloodstream of the children. This accumulation eventually causes the glucose levels to rise and reach levels that are dangerous in the body. With time, child’s body become less able to tolerate and handle all the sugar in the vessels of blood (Sperling 2005). The high blood glucose according to Silink, Kida, & Rosenbloom (2003) can then lead to complications of type 2 diabetes such as kidney failure, blindness and heart disease
3.2.1 Type 2 diabetes risk factors in children
The risk factors that are associated with type 2 diabetes increased risk in children according to Goldstein & Mueller-Wieland (2013) include; family history of type 2diabetes, being overweight, specific ethnic groups, female gender, and other insulin resistance problems
According to Hunt, Bernet & Hannon (2009), type 2 diabetes single greatest risk factor among children in is the excess weight. In United Kingdom, about one out of five children is overweight. When a child has excess weight, there is high probability of the child developing diabetes type 2. Rosenbloom, & Silverstein, (2003) pointed out some of the factors that may contribute to obesity or overweight, and they include; lack of physical activity, unhealthy eating patterns, other medical conditions or hormone problem, and a tendency inherited
Additionally, Sperling (2005) indicated that just like the adults, type 2 diabetes risk in children appears to be related with excess abdominal weight. The pattern of obesity increases the chances of resistance to insulin and type 2 diabetes risks.
3.2.2 Type 2 diabetes symptoms in children
The type 2 diabetes symptoms in children develop slowly. in the first instances, the symptoms will be absent and one or more of the following symptoms will be noticed as highlighted by Silink, Kida & Rosenbloom (2003); increased thirst or hunger even after consumption of food, unexplained weight loss, frequent urination, dry mouth, blurred vision, fatigue, slow healing of cuts and sores, heavy breathing, tingling or numbness in the feet or hand, itchy skin
3.2.3 Type 2 diabetes consequences in children
According to Hunt, Bernet & Hannon (2009), in children with type 2 diabetes, the symptoms at first may be minor. However, as much as the symptoms might be minor, serious problems of health may be developing. the following are some of the complications related to type 2 diabetes in children; kidney disease, blindness, nerve and blood circulation damage, heart disease and early death due to the complications.
With a student-centered approach, I create engaging and informative blog posts that tackle relevant topics for students. My content aims to equip students with the knowledge and tools they need to succeed academically and beyond.
List and analyze results of team context and composition scale questionnaire
The corporate communications of JM Family functions in sequential and modular interdependence. The team work levels are very moderate with the teams performing their tasks independently. The corporate communications task team coordinates physical efforts to finish the organizational needs. However, despite corporate communications being able to independently make internal decisions, the tasks are handed downwards from the company’s executive management. Dyer (44) indicated that cooperation is one of their core values.
From the results of team contexts and composition scale assessment, the corporate communications scored 3.8. This implies that the department’s team is composed of members who support effective teamwork. Personal development is prioritized while the the overall team development is lacking. Moreover, the seven member team of corporate communications is an effective size. The team posses’ interpersonal and technical skills and displays high motivation that is needed for tasks completion.
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Similarly, the analysis of the results from the Dyers competencies scale for assessment shows that Corporate Communication department of JM Family falls in the midlevel rates. This calls for general improvement. The lowest competencies that are relationship related are conflict management and team building. On the other hand, the lowest competency that is task related is having a decision making process that is clearly defined (Dyer, 48).
Dyer indicated that by scoring low scores in conflict management and lacking of the processes of decision making, makes the functions of Corporate Communications to be like a staff rather than a team. However, the corporate communications recorded high scores in established channels of open communications. The members of the team also acknowledge the existence of negative reactions, sometimes with combative and defensive actions, to criticisms or even feedback. This tendency of brushing off problems, according to Dyer (71), can result to tension and ineffectiveness of the members.
Lencioni assessment
According to Dyer (57), the Lencioni Assessment provides leaders of an organization with an exploring opportunity to overcome the obstacles that sidetracks their team members. The assessment done on corporate communication of the JM Family gave the team members the insight on their unique strength of their team, and areas that need improvements in the five major fundamentals of developing productive and cohesive team. These include commitment, conflict, trust, results and accountability.
Dyer (59) indicated that the assessment comprises of 15 questions of which the members of a team are to answer. The results then indicate the levels of dysfunction in the company. From the Lencioni Assessment, corporate communications, the results can be used in providing and evaluating the susceptibility of Corporate Communication to the five identified dysfunctions.
From the seven team members of corporate communications who did Lencioni Assessment, the scores were as follows for the totals from the five key fundamentals.
Trust = 7.14
Conflict= 7.42
Commitments= 6.57
Accountability = 7.29
Results =7.57
All the scores from the key fundamentals fall between 6 and 8. This is interpreted from the Lencioni Assessment interpretation key that dysfunction could be the problem in the team.
Explore group dynamics using at least two relevant course concepts/theories
The functioning of Corporate Communications department is more like a staff than like a team. However, there exist open channels of communication where team members still can negatively react to some constructive feedback. Furthermore, the team shows non performance signs
Relate results back to goal
From the Lencioni Assessment, the five key fundamentals show that dysfunction could be a problem in the team. The results show there is an absence of trust. This comes as a result of team members who are not willing to make an admission that they have made mistakes are reluctant to be vulnerable to each other. Trust cannot be achieved among members without certain comfort levels in the team (Dyer, 52)
The results also show fear of conflicts. This is because the team members are incapable of engaging in passionate and unfiltered debate on fundamental issues. This is characterized in corporate communication department. Moreover, corporate communications lacks commitment hence the team members have created an environment where ambiguity is prevailing. Dyer (64) pointed out that commitment is a function of two pillars; buy in and clarity. Successful teams make timely and clear decisions, and progress with complete buy in from every team member.
The results of Corporate Communications department also show avoidance of accountability. This is because the team does not commit to clear action plan. Successful team members tend to overcome the natural inclinations by improving their relationships and holding every team member accountable. Lastly, the scores portray inattention to results in corporate communication department. The members of the team tend to focus on their needs before the teams collective goals. This is because the team members are not held accountable for their actions.
Conclusion
In conclusion, corporate communication department team in context and composition is very effective. The number is a manageable and they portray effective group dynamics. The competence of the group is unquestionable although the team faces some form of dysfunctions.
Work cited
Dyer, W. G., Jr., Dyer, J. H., & Dyer, W. G. (2013). Team Building: Proven Strategies for Improving Team Performance. San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass.
With a student-centered approach, I create engaging and informative blog posts that tackle relevant topics for students. My content aims to equip students with the knowledge and tools they need to succeed academically and beyond.
The debate on the origin of homosexuality has raged on for quite a while. Recent studies have suggested that homosexuality not only affects but also causes homosexuality in men. According to,(Roper 1996) there are many causes of homosexuality, but top among them are prenatal hormones and in specific testosterone. In their research, the performance of homosexual men was also measured. Each of the rests was designed to determine the effects on testosterone. The concern for testosterone levels is not just among the homosexuals in terms of performance but is also included in the concerns for the increased levels of homosexuality among the men.
Testosterone is a hormone that is the main reproductive hormone in individuals. The hormone in fact is prenatal, however, it begins to manifest after the age of puberty among young boys. Many scientists, therefore, determine that young children cannot describe themselves as gay or homosexual. There is a need for children to reach puberty. Attraction to members of the opposite or similar sex and gender can only be manifested during puberty. According to (Marchnant Haycox 1991) testosterone, is the hormone is responsible for maintaining sexual desires of whichever sexual orientation. This is in turn contradicted by (Buvat et al 1996) who state that the lack or excess exposure to testosterone does not necessarily translate into homosexuality. This is proven by individuals who test either with high testosterone and even though they may be highly sexually active they are not necessarily homosexual; or on the other hand, men who show low levels of testosterone as a result of age and other social problems, this may cause problems is sexual performance but again does not equally translate into being homosexual. The main debate on testosterone and homosexuality, and which has drawn a lot of academic interest comes in the form of exposure to testosterone while the boy is in the womb.
Prenatal exposure to testosterone has been quite difficult to study based on the fact that it is often difficult to prove exposure in the first place. However, scientists feel that they have adequately proved that exposure, and in that case early exposure to testosterone often translates in the majority of the cases turning into homosexual desires. While women often produce the testosterone hormone which is often ideal for various production and reproduction balances and checks in the system, such production is often much lower than in male children. As stated before, boys experience changes in puberty when the testosterone hormone begins to be produced. However, as (McIntyre et al 2006) states that there are studies that have shown that during pregnancy children could become exposed to the testosterone hormone which can in turn be credited for the development of early sexual orientation desires. This is in major contrast to past studies which have often suggested that homosexuality is a form of deviant behavior that is acquired and learned socially. Also, this contradicts the belief that homosexual men can be transformed and taught what society has often considered to be the “right” behavior”. The study into testosterone and the role in plays in the development of homosexuality are vital.
One of the most controversial studies focused on measuring the pheromone levels of individual heterosexual, lesbian and homosexual men. Each of these groups was exposed to various components of hormones that are often credited for sexual attraction. However, the results of the study have long been debated since they did not focus more on the women, segregating them instead and focusing on what attracted men sexually to various genders, (Neave et al 2000). During the study, heterosexual men responded sexually, which is a region of the hypothalamus that became activated when they were exposed to estrogen collected from women. On the other hand, homosexual men showed more excitement when exposed to male sweat which contains testosterone. The results of the study laid the foundation for the understanding of homosexuality. Evolutionary genetics has agreed that homosexuality in and of itself should be a behavior that in the strict evolutionary nature and Darwinian principles should have ceased to exist. Homosexuality does not allow for the production of a stronger and more efficient human race. As such, if it is a behavior that was acquired and learned overtime should have ceased to exist. The only reason why homosexuality would continue to exist would be that it’s beyond a social behavior and therefore have a biological precedence.
Conventional science has found that an embryo’s gender is determined through exposure to the X or Y chromosome. Should the embryo be exposed to the Y chromosome, it triggers the development is tested which turns to begin the production of male hormones such as testosterone. However, it should be noted that girls too are exposed to some level of testosterone, which balances the exposure to estrogen and ensures proper development. What scientists have determined according to (Robinson and Manning 2000)is that the level of exposure differs in the womb between the boys and the girls. The young girls are exposed to very little and sometimes even insufficient levels of testosterone. On the other hand, the boys are often exposed to high levels of testosterone, but not quite as much as had been previously thought of. However, such levels are of course much higher than those found in the girls. Based on this (Domer et al 1975) found that as a prenatal hormone, testosterone cannot be controlled in terms of embryo exposure. Young boys who are exposed to more testosterone than is normal during the pregnancy may be expected to show early development during puberty, and extreme manlike features such as hairy bodies. However, there is also an effect that has come to light and this is the attraction to testosterone in men making them homosexual. In this case, while other men respond to estrogen and female like features, these men respond at least sexually towards the testosterone found in other men. From a young age, they may seek out other young men even though without proper understanding. As they grow and reach puberty, these in turn translates to seeking out sexual relations with other men. They begin to show signs that they are attracted to men sexually.
(Gray et al 2002) therefore states that these men are not attracted to the men per se, but rather the testosterone hormones that they were exposed to during pregnancy seek out the testosterone in other men. Although they may try to hide such desires, and even seek alternative treatments for what many in society consider misguided behavior; they often find that there is no solution. Even when suppressed, such desires often tend to arise even after decades, simply when the excess testosterone is triggered by another male. (Mazur et al 1992) goes further to state that excess exposure to testosterone could be credited for epigenetic changes that are concurrent with homosexuality traversing across generations. Such features can either suppress or increase the desires of the child in terms of sexual orientations. According to this presumption therefore parents who suppress their own desires that arise from their own exposure to various hormones including testosterone are most likely to pass along the genes to the child. In this case, the desires become much stronger and cannot be easily quelled. Marks set in the parental gene could alter a child’s response to the genders and brain activation areas involved with sexual attraction and preferences. Such a child could therefore easily translate information that members of the same sex are to be revered and loved romantically. However, it is important to note that this theory has had much controversy, with many of the scientists finding it hard to prove and some even insisting that it is built purely on fiction rather than any form of fact.
Scientists have for long attempted to understand homosexuality as a preference. In the 1950’s such studies were crippled by the fact that at the time, homosexuality was considered a form of deviance that should be rooted in society. The studies, therefore, lacked participants and drew fewer and fewer scientists. Today, however, studies have focused more on understanding homosexuality rather than condemning homosexual men. These studies are therefore more informed and reliable. The idea that homosexuality may stem and begin at the womb has in fact drawn more interest than any other study. However, it is important to also note that some scientists and studies have critiqued the view that exposure to testosterone could lead to homosexuality. Such studies argue in fact that sometimes young girls and even other young boys are overly exposed to a higher level of testosterone, yet they proceed to become highly heterosexual. According to the proponents of this theory, however, such as () this can be credited more towards social orientation rather than biologically acquired behavior. Such individuals are only suppressing the desires that they feel, and have learned such suppression from society so that they are mechanized into heterosexuality. (Burnham et al 2003) concludes that epi-marks carried from parents to the children of the opposite sex often suppress the desires of the child about the parent of the opposite gender. This, in turn, leads to the development of sexual desires during puberty which is directed to individuals of his own gender.
References
Burnham, T. C., Chapman, J. F., Gray, P. B., McIntyre, M. H., Lipson, S. F., & Ellison, P. T. (2003). Men in committed, romantic relationships have lower testosterone. Hormones and Behavior, 44, 119–122.
Buvat, J., Lemaire, A., & Ratajczyk, J. (1996). [Role of hormones in sexual dysfunctions, homosexuality, transsexualism, and deviant sexual behavior: diagnostic and therapeutic consequences]. Contraception, fertility, sexuality (1992), 24(11), 834-846.
Dörner, G., Rohde, W., Stahl, F., Krell, L., & Masius, W. G. (1975). A neuroendocrine predisposition for homosexuality in men. Archives of Sexual Behavior, 4(1), 1-8.
Gray, P. B., Kahlenberg, S. M., Barrett, E. S., Lipson, S. F., & Ellison, P. T. (2002). Marriage and fatherhood are associated with lower testosterone in males. Evolution and Human Behavior, 23, 193–201.
Marchant-Haycox, S. E., McManus, I. C., & Wilson, G. D. (1991). Left-handedness, homosexuality, HIV infection, and AIDS. Cortex, 27(1), 49-56.
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With a student-centered approach, I create engaging and informative blog posts that tackle relevant topics for students. My content aims to equip students with the knowledge and tools they need to succeed academically and beyond.
Their family of Sara is a happy family happily living together on the outskirts of the city. Her father is a banker, while her mother is a schoolteacher. Sara is seven years, and her younger brother is three years. The family loves eating dinner together at home in the evening. On a fine Friday evening, as a routine, Sara’s family was sitting around their Marple dinner table, taking their dinner and talking. The family loved each other as they usually discussed their family matters and how their day was and reconnected with each other. The family was having their normal dinner this Friday evening when someone knocked at the door. Sara’s father opened the door, and a woman beggar was at the door asking for food and drinking water. He allowed her in and welcomed her to join them for dinner.
The woman was a street beggar in her late twenties wearing clothes half torn and in grim condition. Her hair was untidy and bushy, and she looked pale from the hot summer heat, which depicted her as a person in extreme helplessness. Moreover, the smell coming from her untidy body was unpleasant. No one would hesitate to offer help if she knocked at your door or asked for help. When Sara’s father asked her more questions about herself, she could not disclose her story. However, the reassuring smiling faces of Sara’s family and a warm welcome with delicious food were enough to disclose anything. The woman beggar introduced herself as Jessica, and she was 28 years and lived in a shack some miles on the outskirts of the city. Moreover, she claimed she was jobless since society was cruel to her, and no one could give women beggars any job. Begging was her job, and she had no family since she was also born in the streets, grew up as a street child, and does not know where her other family members were.
Perpetrator
Sara is a school kid and the firstborn in their family. Her father loves going out with her when he goes to the gym, driving around the city, swimming, and even archery sports. Sara has been taught by his father not to trust any stranger and other survival skills when kidnapped or attacked by strangers, such as biting hard or even screaming for help.
The action
After the Friday evening dinner, the events turned tragic when Jessica drew a pistol and ordered everyone down, demanding cash and other valuables. Their family of Sara was wrong in trusting the beggar woman who turned out to be a robber. Sara’s mother started screaming, but Jessica threatened to kill her husband if she kept quiet. Jessica grabbed Sara by her chest in one arm while pointing a gun at her head with the right hand, threatening to kill her if she was not given money. Sara took the opportunity to apply the lessons from her father. She dug her teeth deep into Jessica’s arm, holding her, tearing about the main blood arteries of the arm. Out of pain, Jessica lost focus and dropped the gun on the ground out of pain. Sara’s father took the opportunity to trip Jessica down by swiping at her legs and jumping on the gun. Fighting and struggle for the gun ensued between Sara’s father and Jessica as Sara went for the gun. However, the gun went off, shuttering the right thing for Jessica as she screamed in pain and blood, oozing out profusely.
Aftermath
A patrol officer heard the gunshot and rushed in the direction of the gunshot, and there she was, the most wanted notorious woman robber. She was rushed to the hospital for treatment and later to be charged in court with attempted robbery, as Sara was praised for her bravery and being heroin.
With a student-centered approach, I create engaging and informative blog posts that tackle relevant topics for students. My content aims to equip students with the knowledge and tools they need to succeed academically and beyond.
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